Design of Sodium Titanate Nanowires as Anodes for Dual Li,Na Ion Batteries

The bottleneck in the implementation of hybrid lithium-sodium-ion batteries is lack anode materials with a desired rate capability. Herein, we provide an in-depth examination Li-storage performance sodium titanate nanowires as negative electrodes Li,Na-ion batteries. Titanate were prepared by simple and reproducible hydrothermal method. At low reaction pressure, well-isolated are formed, while increasing pressure from 2 to 30 bar, isolated tend bundle. In nanowires, local coordinations Na Ti atoms deviate those Na2Ti3O7 Na2Ti6O13 slightly depend on pressure. During annealing at 350 °C, both undergo further changes. highly defective, they easily crystallize into phases. lithium storage properties evaluated lithium-ion cells vs. metal fabricated PVDF carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) binders. proceeds capacitive-diffusive mechanism between 0.1 2.5 V, which enables achieve high specific capacity. Sodium titanates accommodate Li+ formation mixed lithium-sodium-phase Na2−xLixTi6O13, decomposed distinct phases Li0.54Ti2.86O6 Li0.5TiO2. Contrary lithium, accomplished mainly capacitive reactions, thus phase composition preserved during cycling ion cells. outperform bundled respect